India (official name: the Republic of India;[19] Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya) is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;[d] China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
Here is the India at glance.
1. Area
3280463 Sq. KM
2. Geographical location
Latitudes: 8° 4' to 37° 6 ' north
Longitudes: 68° 7 ' to 97° 25' east.
3. Indian Standard Time
GMT + 05:30 (Standard for Allahabad, 82.5° East)
4. Border Countries:
Afghanistan and Pakistan to the north-west
China, Bhutan and Nepal to the north;
Myanmar to the east;
Bangladesh to the east of West Bengal.
Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea, formed by Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar
5. Coastline
7,516.6 km including the mainland, Lakshadweep Islands and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
6. Capital
New Delhi
7. National Flag
The National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesaria) at the top, white in the middle, and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. At the centre of the white band is a navy blue wheel, which is a representation of the Ashoka Chakra at Sarnath.
8. National Emblem
Replica of the Ashoka's Pillar at Sarnath, UP
9. National Anthem
Jana Gana Mana, written by Rabindra Nath Tagore in 1911
10. National Song
Vande Maatram, Bankim Chandra Chatterji, taken from Novel "Ananda Math" published in 1882
11. National Bird
Peacock
12. National Game
Hockey
13. National Animal
Tiger
14. National Flower
Lotus
15. National Calendar
Saka, Introduced on March 22, 1957
16. National Days
26th January (Republic Day)
15th August (Independence Day)
2nd October (Gandhi Jayanti; Birthday of Mahatma Gandhi)
30th January (Martyrs' Day)
5th September (Teachers' Day, Birthday of Dr. S. Radha Krishnan)
14th November (Children's Day, Birthday of Jawaharlal Nehru)
17. Type of Government
Sovereign Socialist Democratic Republic with a Parliamentary system of Government
18. Legislature (Bicameral)
Lok Sabha (House of the People)
Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
19. States
28
20. Union Territories
7
21. Largest State in Population
Uttar Pradesh
22. State with Highest Density of Population
West Bengal (904)
23. Life expectancy
63.9 years (Males); 66.9 years (Females) (As of Sep 2005)
24. Largest state in area
Rajasthan
25. Largest desert in
Rajasthan
26. State with Lowest Density of Population
Sikkim
27. State with the Minimum Area
Goa
28. First state to achieve nearly 100% rural electrification
Haryana
29. Population 2001 Census
1,027 millions
30. Population Growth Rate
1.93 per cent during 1991-2001.
31. Rank in population
Second
32. Major Export of India
Tea
33. Major Bank
Reserve Bank of India
34. Highest per capita income
Punjab (Among States), Chandigarh (Overall)
35. Lowest per capita income
Bihar
36. Membership of U.N.O
1945
37. First General Elections
1951-52
38. First Five Year Plan
1951
39. Financial Capital
Mumbai
40. Languages
22 Languages recognized by constitution. Hindi is the Official Union Language.
41. Literacy rate
64.84 % (75.26% for males and 53.67% for female)
42. Coldest place
Dras Sector
43. First Indian Lady in the Space
Kalpana Chawla
44. First Indian Man in the Space
Rakesh Sharma
45. Sex ratio (Male: Female)
1000:933 (2001 Census)
46. Formation of INC (Indian National Congress)
1885
47. Hindi became National Language
1953
48. Muslim League formed in
1906
49. Wettest Place
Mawsynram, Meghalaya
50. Wettest state
Meghalaya
51. Biggest District
Bastar (M. P.)
52. Rural Population
About 72%
53. Largest Desert
Thar (Rajasthan)
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